October 11th, 2007 at 11:08 am

Taking a psychology class? Confused about Research Methods? Let me know what you think of a new tool I built which I call the "MAPPR". That stands for "Make A Personal Psych Review" (best name I could come up with). Here’s what it does: I’ve selected a typical topic from an Intro Psych course: the scientific method (might be referred to as Research Methods in your textbook) and I chose what I think are the bold terms that most students of psychology would have to learn from the chapter on this topic. I put these terms into a concept map and then recorded my own explanations for what these terms mean. Then (not done yet) I put the concept map and the audio files into a small online application which allows you to choose only those terms you find difficult or which you want to review. So: on the map you click the terms you want to review and then click the "Play" button and hear my explanation of those terms. It’s probably best to check it out yourself.

Let me know what you think!

Click here to go to the MAPPR

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In case you want to download the map itself, click on the image below and then print out or download the jpg image on the next screen.

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August 22nd, 2007 at 3:31 am

Why are we often anxious about or even suspicious of statistics? Let’s take a look at this topic. Along with some interesting examples I’ve got some statistics-oriented jokes I hope you’ll find funny (okay, maybe you’ll just find them…interesting. Humor me). Conquer your fears this week on The Psych Files.

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Resources For This Podcast

• Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences by John Allen Paulus is a very interesting book. I highly recommend it.
• Michael Shermer’s book, Why People Believe Weird Things: Pseudoscience, Superstition, and Other Confusions of Our Time is also an excellent book on the kinds of thinking that lead us astray. This is the book I mention in the podcast where Mr. Shermer took a tour through the Edgar Casey museum and took the ESP “test”.
• Carl Sagan’s book, The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the Dark, is also a very readable book regarding why we believe strange things.
• Correction: In the podcast I said that Mur Lafferty was the host of the Grammar Girl. Actually Mignon Fogarty is the host and here is the link to the Grammar Girl. Mur Lafferty is the host of another interesting podcast called I Should Be Writing. Here is the link to her podcast.
• Here is the TED talks presentation by Peter Donnelly. Fascinating.

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June 11th, 2007 at 5:15 pm

Everyone thinks critical thinking is a great thing. I don’t disagree, but how about a little open mindedness? I take a look at last week’s episode on energy medicine and discuss being critical, the scientific method and remaining open to those matters we cannot access through the scientific method.

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May 3rd, 2007 at 10:11 am

Psychological Research in your life: does your local grocery store know more about you than you do? We take a look at the research that’s been done to learn more about your behavior in the supermarket and how that information is used to get you to buy more than you planned for.

Click to listen to this episode and learn more about how psychological research is used in your life.

From the MSN article “15 Ways Stores trick you into spending”

Read this article to find out more details on how observational research is used to design grocery stores.

• Shopping Carts: they are large and tend to be right near the entrance to entice you to use them
• Toys: far from the entrance
• The most expensive versions of items are at eye level while bulk options are at the bottom
• Items that are not on sale are arranged to look like they are on sale (placed at the end of the isle with a large sign)
• Commodity items, like socks, are surrounded by non-commodity items, like shirts and jeans (for example, peanut butter and jelly are placed near each other)
• There usually isn’t a section where inexpensive items are placed all together - inexpensive items are placed among expensive ones
• “Stores are designed to maximize the number of stops you have to make” because you buy when you stop
• Restrooms are placed far from the entrance to force you to go past things you might buy

From the article “The Theory of Supermarkets”

The New York Times Magazine, March 10, 1996

• The stock of your typical store (10 years ago) held about 30,000 items - tough competition among all these products
• have you noticed that the first thing you see when you walk in the door is produce? This is done to give you the idea of freshness and “bounty”. Notice also the colors, the water that rains down on the celery, etc. Gets you “in the mood” Other supermarkets begin with flowers
• Butchers have no blood on them because research has shown that this turns customers off (bloodier activities take place in the back)
• Cart behavior: when you turn the cart in one direction, you tend to look in the other direction. So, if we can steer you just right through the isles, we can put “specials” on the “strong side”
• you will buy more soup if it is not in alphabetical order
• store labels are always to the left of popular brands. Why? like reading, after your eye is caught be a familiar label, you tend to look left next. so, put the store brand on the left of the popular brand.
• The best viewing angle: the average eye height of a woman is 59 inches and a man: 64 inches, so 15 degrees below horizontal (51 to 53 inches off the floor)
• by the way, when you examine a shelf you’re likely to stand 4 feet away.
• background music: slow it down to about 60 beats/min and your cart will slow down as well and you’re more likely to see things you might purchase. classical music gives your products a higher degree of perceived value:
• play classical in the background - barnes and noble/ new agey
• play upbeat - clothes stores
• play rock - music stores, etc.
• Cereal arranged by type (flakes, brans) rather than by brand will decrease sales
• Also on cereal: make it difficult to compare them: create different size boxes, and call them by different names (Apple Cinnamon or Honey Nut) and it makes it diffiuclt to compare.

Other research:

• The smell of cucumber makes a room feel larger, while the smell of barbeque makes it feel smaller
• Lavender smell is relaxing
• Red colors tend to draw you physically closer

How to fight back?

• Use a list
• Don’t come hungry
• Don’t use a shopping cart unless you need to
• At the checkout re-think everything you put into your cart
• Start at the back and work forward
• Look at the bottom shelf first
• Carry a calculator
• If you don’t know for sure that something is a good deal don’t buy it (it’s probably not a good deal and you’re being tricked into thinking it might be)

Musical Resources

The classical guitar music you hear throughout the podcast is performed by David Temple and used by permission. You can go to David’s website by clicking here.

Rock Music: “Moonscape” by 37Hz. Click here to go to the site for 37Hz on Podsafe Music.

Upbeat Music: “If there was no people” from Chachi On Acid. Click here to go to their site in the Podsafe Music site.

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February 11th, 2007 at 10:17 am

It's the beginning of the year and it seems like everyone is making predictions. How about this one: people with large brains are smarter than people with small brains. Don't believe it? Neither do we. Find out why this prediction is hogwash and what makes for good and bad predictions.

Falsifiable: listen to episode 3 on Popper’s thoughts on how hypotheses must be falsifiable.

This episode talks a bit about one of the first (and very crude) attempts to understand intelligence. The topic of intelligence is fascinating and here is a link to a fascinating talk by Sir Ken Robinson about our need to redefine the concept of intelligence and how important creativity will be in our world. Great podcast.

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